摘要：短时过载倍数是衡量驱动电机性能的一个重要指标，制约了驱动电机乃至传动系统的轻量化设计。为了提高变频器供电同步电机的短时过载能力，提出一种由定子侧提供交流励磁的隐极同步电机的设计方法。该电机的工作磁场由定子绕组q轴电流建立，位于d轴的转子绕组电流则为转矩电流，而定子绕组中的d轴电流用以抵消转子转矩电流产生的电枢反应磁动势，从而维持气隙磁场基本恒定。分析表明，此类电机重载运行时漏磁路饱和上升为限制电磁转矩的主要矛盾，在电磁设计中必须予以重点考虑。通过对该类电机漏磁路饱和特点进行有限元分析，提出了电机结构尺寸的优化设计方法。最后，以用于高压断路器分合闸操动机构的驱动电机为例，设计了工程样机，并通过实验对其短时过载运行特性进行了验证。
关键词：隐极同步电机；短时高过载；转矩密度；定子交流励磁；有限元分析
Abstract: Short time high overload capability is a major optimal index in the motor design of electrical drive applications. It limits the lightweight structure designs of the driving motors even the whole systems. To promote converter driven synchronous machine’s short time high overload capability, a customized optimal design was presented for a non salient synchronous machine which operates with quadrature axis (q axis) stator AC current exciting magnetic field. This synchronous machine, in which rotor current serves as torque current, stator windings provide both q axis exciting current and d axis armature reaction compensation current, is able to maintain air gap magnetic field’s magnitude constant, break through the torque density limit of the synchronous machine and massively minimize motor volume. Firstly, the main challenge for the synchronous machine operating under this certain operation mode under high overload was addressed, which is to suppress magnetic core saturation caused by its leakage flux. Finite element method (FEM) was applied to analyze this synchronous machine’s core saturation features and to optimize synchronous machine’s dimension parameters. Finally, a designed synchronous machine was applied to a high voltage circuit breaker actuator electrical drive system. Experiment result verified the designed synchronous machine’s short time high overload performance.
Key words: non salient pole synchronous machine, short time high overload, torque density, stator AC exciting, finite element method (FEM)