摘  要：电刷换向是直流电机的特有现象，换向将引起电弧火花、换向噪声、电磁干扰等诸多问题。由于换向过程非常复杂，目前的解析数学计算难以准确计算换向电流。该文采用一种由开关元件构成的电路模拟直流电机的换向过程，在有限元软件Ansoft Maxwell 对直流电机进行仿真分析，从而获得传统解析计算难以计算的换向数据，提供了一种简单快捷的预测换向电流的方法。换向电流的解决，也给解决换向相关问题指出了一条捷径。
关键词：电刷；直流电机；换向电流；有限元模型；

Abstract: Brush commutation is a special phenomenon of brushes-DC motor which will cause the spark, noise, electromagnetic-interference, and many other problems. Currently the mathematical calculation is very complex and difficult to gain an exact calculation result for the commutation current. This paper utilized a commutation-circuit by the switching element composition to simulate the real commutation process. Then the finite element software Ansoft Maxwell was used to simulate the brushes-DC motor to get the commutation of data. This simulation provides a simple and quick forecast for the coil's current. The solution of the commutation current means a shortcut to the solutions for the problem to the relevant.
Key words: Brush; DC motor; commutation current; finite element model