摘要：介绍了电梯用电磁制动器的结构与特点，分析了其工作特性。针对电磁制动器高耗能的缺点,本文提出了一种降低电磁制动器能耗的设计方法。这种设计方法就是将制动器工作气隙为0时（维持时）的电压降低为直流35V，制动器工作气隙最大时（起动时）的电压是直流110V。本文应用ANSYS Maxwell软件建立了制动器二维有限元模型，得到了制动器起动和维持时的电磁吸力特性曲线，仿真结果表明本文设计的电梯用节能电磁制动器具有大电流起动、小电流维持的优点。以10层楼高的乘客电梯用电磁制动器为例，节能制动器较传统制动器节电80%左右，节能效果显著。
关键词：电梯；电磁制动器;节能；大电流起动；小电流维持

Abstract:  This paper introduced the construction and features of electromagnetic brakes for elevators，and analyzed the brakes working characteristics. A method was presented to reduce the energy consumption by the brakes. The method is to cut down the holding voltage of a brake to 35V DC which is used to keep the brake with a zero working air gap. The starting voltage is 110V DC which to start the brake with a maximal air gap. ANSYS Maxwell was employed to establish a twodimensional finite element model for the brake, and its electromagnetic attraction characteristic curves were obtained, which demonstrated that energysaving brakes had advantages such as highcurrent starting and lowcurrent holding. For a tenstory passenger elevator, the energysaving brake can save electricity up to 80%.
Key words:  elevator; electromagnetic brake; energysaving; highcurrent starting; lowcurrent holding