摘要：牵引电机由于交轴和直轴磁路不对称而会产生磁阻转矩，而磁阻转矩的利用情况对于电机的过载能力和功率密度有一定影响。本文对一台20 kW牵引电机不同转子结构的电抗参数进行有限元计算，并通过试验验证；经过对比分析得出V形转子和V—形转子更加适合永磁牵引电机。此外，通过对比不同永磁体结构尺寸，得出改变永磁体的夹角和圆心距能够最经济化地提升电机整体性能。

关键词：牵引电机；磁阻转矩；电抗参数；永磁体结构尺寸
Abstract: Traction motor produces the reluctance torque due to the asymmetry of the quadrature axis and direct axis, and the utilization of the reluctance torque has a certain influence on the motor overload capacity and power density. In this paper, reactance parameters of a 20 kW traction motor with different rotor structures were analyzed with the finite element method, and verified by experiments; By comparison and analysis, obtained the rotor structure V  and the rotor structure V— are suitable for permanent magnet traction motor. Besides, by comparison of different permanent magnet structure and size, the performance of the traction motor can economically improved by change the angle and the center distance of the permanent magnet.

Key words: traction motor; reluctance torque; reactance parameters; permanent magnet structure and size