摘要：针对无刷直流电机转子位置检测所使用的霍尔传感器容易出现损坏的现象，提出了霍尔传感器中出现一路或两路故障的诊断方法，该方法实时监测转子位置信号运行状态，根据无刷电机两两导通原理，考虑电机瞬时转速不变性，利用正常的霍尔传感器位置信号通过延时均分来估算故障传感器位置信号，并用于实际的电机转子换相，从而实现无刷直流电机的容错控制，实验结果表明采用本文提出的控制策略可以明显提高无刷直流电机驱动系统的可靠性，其系统性能可以与霍尔传感器无故障时相媲美。

关键词：无刷直流电机；故障诊断； 容错控制；位置传感器

Abstract: According to easy damage of hall sensors used for rotor position detection of brushless DC motors, this paper proposed a fault diagnosis scheme for one or two hall sensors. Real-time monitoring state of position signal was presented though this scheme. According to the conduction principle of only two phase stator conduction all the time, rotor position can be estimated by the delay of the normal hall sensor position signal on the condition of invariance for instantaneous speed. The estimated rotor position signals were used for the actual commutation between two phases and the fault-tolerant control of brushless DC motor was realized. The experimental results show that the proposed control strategy can obviously improve the reliability of brushless DC motor drive system and the same performance of motor running can be available compared with normal motor drive system.

Key words: brushless DC motor; fault diagnosis; fault-tolerant strategy; position sensors