摘  要：垂直轴风力机(VAWT)在小型风力发电系统中以无需对风、结构简单和维修维护方便等优点受到高度重视。将磁悬浮技术应用在垂直轴风电系统上，既改善了风力机的启动性能，大大提高了其风能转化效率，同时实现了微噪音，甚至可以达到静音的效果。提出了一种用于垂直轴风电系统的电磁和永磁相结合的混合磁悬浮设计方案,其轴向位移由电磁铁主动控制,其余自由度由永磁铁以吸力方式给以约束，同时由永磁铁提供电磁控制的偏置磁场。建立了磁悬浮控制系统的模型。采用神经模糊PID控制算法对系统受到阶跃扰动力的位移响应进行了仿真，并与常规PID控制相比较。仿真结果表明,系统具有较好的动静态性能, 能够实现风电转子系统的稳定悬浮。
关键词：垂直轴风力机；风力发电； 磁悬浮； 神经网络；模糊PID； 控制

Abstract: In small wind power generation systems(WPGS),the vertical axis wind turbines have been paid were attention for its no-aligning wind direction,simple structure and convenience to maintenance and repair.Maglev technology was applied in the systems,the wind turbines-starting performance was improved,and the wind energy conversion efficiency was increased greatly,at the meantime,the effect of micro-noise even mute was obtained.A hybrid maglev design for the VAWT systems was proposed which incorporated both the electromagnetic control and permanent magnets,namely,the rotor‘s axial freedom was actively controlled by electromagnet while the other DOFs were restricted by the permanent magnets in attractive mode.Simultaneously,the permanent magnets also provided the bias flux for electromagnetic control.The maglev system was modeled and simulated in motion response to a impulse force under neural network fuzzy-PID controller,and was compared with conventional PID controller.The simulation results prove that this composite controller has better static and dynamic performances and can make the WPGS rotor suspend stably.
Key Words: Vertical axis wind turbines (VAWT)；Wind power generation；Maglev；Neural network；Fuzzy-PID；Control