摘要：针对电机设备的起动问题，本文充分研究了现有多种软起动方式及其起动特性， 利用Matlab/Simulink工具搭建常用的软启动仿真模型，得到了大量的仿真波形，明确了这几种软启动的适用场合及各自的优缺点。在此基础之上设计了一款基于dsPIC单片机的多功能软启动器，综合了电压斜坡软启动方式、限流软启动方式、电压突跳软启动方式和分级变频软启动方式，并详细的介绍了系统的软硬件设计。在实验平台测试结果表明, 该设计可根据不同起动要求设置起动模式，各模式下控制效果良好，电机启动平滑，且各项指标满足实际运行要求，具有一定的推广及应用价值。
关键词：晶闸管；软启动；分级变频；dsPIC

Abstract: Aiming at the starting problem of motor equipment, this paper studied a large of existing soft start modes and their starting characteristics. Then, using Matlab/Simulink tool to build common soft start simulation models, got a lot of simulation waveforms. These helped to identify the applicable occasions of these soft starters and their respective advantages and disadvantages. Designed an integrated soft starter that includes voltage ramp soft start, current limit soft start, voltage jump soft start, and discrete frequency soft start based on dsPIC6014a in the premise of doing these efforts, and gave the system's hardware and software design in detail. The test results on the experimental platform show that this design can easily set the start modes according to different starting requirements and all the modes possess so prefect control effect that motor can start smoothly, and experimental data indicators also meet operation requirements. So, it is worthy of promotion and application.
Key words: SCR；soft start；discrete frequency；dsPIC