摘要：阐述了一种双向短行程永磁动圈式直线直流电动机的结构及特点，直线电机采用双环形磁钢、直线轴承滚动副支撑结构形式，径向磁场中的动圈固接在轴上并被两个刚度相同的预压弹簧平衡，导向机构阻止动圈周向转动，带有分辨率为1 μm光栅尺，设计的行程范围为±5 mm。给出了样机的主要参数，并对样机进行了试验研究，结果表明直线电机输入电流与电磁力呈线性关系。在控制信号频率为30 Hz时，峰值电流为±2.56 A，峰值推力可达±30.9 N，最大速度可达±0.86 m/s，最大加速度可达±16.5 g。
关键词：直线直流电机；双向短行程；永磁；动圈式

Abstract: The structure and features of a bi-directional short stroke linear DC motor with permanent magnets were presented.　The magnetic field was produced by the two concentric ring permanent magnets embedded on the stator. The moving coil mounted on the shaft was a tubular coil situated within a radially oriented magnetic field and balanced by the two opposing forces generated by two springs along with the central axis and supported by the two linear bearings. The linear guide prevented the moving coil from rotating around on the central axis and carries with the linear optical encoder of 1 μm resolution. The required controlled travel was limited in a ±5 mm displacement range. The prototype specifications were given. The experimental results show that between the electromagnetic force and the coil electric current exists a linear relation. When the frequency of control command is the 30 Hz sine wave, the peak current, the peak force, the max velocity and the max acceleration are, respectively, ±2.56A, ±30.9N, ±0.86m/s and ±16.5g.