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标题：考虑效率优化时的车用感应电机转矩控制研究 |
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作者：刘 艳 |
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| 2016年第4期 访问次数：292次 |
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摘要：针对传统磁场定向控制（FOC）对电机模型参数变化敏感、调节控制参数多的问题，基于PI调节器本文提出一种新型FOC控制器以改善电动汽车用感应电机转矩跟踪控制性能。用对同步角频率(ωe)的PI控制代替传统的定子电流q轴分量(iqs)的控制，不仅调控参数少、而且转子磁链幅值和定向控制精度高，对模型不确定性具有较好鲁棒性。基于电机与变频器损耗逼近函数对转子磁链进行优化，避免了恒定磁链控制下大马拉小车现象。该效率优化算法收敛速度快，不需要预知电机模型参数。最后，针对22 kW 感应电机，在TMS320F2812DSP为控制核心的实验装置上进行实验研究，验证了所提方法的正确性和有效性。
关键词：电动汽车；感应电机；转矩控制；最小损耗
Abstract: The standard Field Oriented Control (FOC) is sensitive to parameter variations and needs tuning many control parameters. In this paper, a novel robust PIbased extension of the FOC controller was proposed in order to improve the torque tracking problem of the induction motor for Electric Vehicle (EV) applications. The PI regulator was used to generate the control input ωe (synchronous frequency) instead of iqs (stator current in the dq rotating reference frame ), which not only needs tuning less control parameters, but also shows a better performance in the rotor flux ( r) magnitude and its orientation tracking, and is robust to model uncertainty. A new optimal flux reference was decided from a functional approximation of the motor and the power converter losses to minimize the consumption of electrical energy, rather than the commonly used standard flux reference that maximizes motor torque. It ensures very fast convergence without the need for any a priori knowledge of the motor parameters. Finally, the proposed controller was coded into a 16bit DSP and verified on a 22 kW induction motor drive。
Key words: electric vehicle; induction motor; torque control; minimum energy control
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