摘要：简要介绍了无位置传感器无刷直流电机的工作原理。分析了无位置传感器无刷直流电机预定位起动方法、三段式起动法、升频升压同步起动法、升频和电流调节控制起动法、短时检测脉冲转子定位起动法、电压插值起动方法等几种起动方法的原理、优缺点。根据上述几种起动方法存在的缺陷，分析了相关学者提出的一些改进措施。最后，对无位置传感器无刷直流电机起动现有研究存在的不足提出了几个亟待深入研究问题:转子初始位置精确、低成本定位方法研究；多维电压插值起动法研究；闭环起动方法。

关键词：无刷直流电机；无位置传感器；起动方法

Abstract: The working principle of sensorless brushless DC motors was briefly analyzed. The principles, advantages and disadvantages of rotor presetting starting method, threestep starting method, increasing frequency and increasing voltage synchronous starting method increasing frequency and current regulation control starting method,short time measuring pulse rotor orientation starting method, voltage interpolation starting method were been analyzed. According to the defects of the several starting methods, improvement measures proposed by related scholars were analyzed. Last in the paper, to shortcomings of existing research of sensorless brushless DC motor starting method, several urgentdepth research problem were proposed: more accurate, lowercost positioning method study of initial rotor position; the study of multidimensional voltage interpolation starting method；Closed loop starting methods.

Key words: brushless DC motor; sensorless; starting methods