摘要：阐述异步电动机轻载运行时调压节能的原理，分析不同类型负载下电机运行最佳电压的计算方法，并讨论应用调压节能技术时电机允许的调压范围。鉴于拖动恒转矩负载的电机在调压过程中转速和负载系数发生变化，通过实验测取不同负载转矩下电机功率因数、效率与定子电压的关系曲线，获得相应的最佳电压实验值，并与理论计算值进行对比分析。结果表明，最佳电压的实验值与理论计算值基本吻合，验证本文所述最佳电压确定方法的可行性。
关键词：异步电动机；调压；节能

Abstract:  The energysaving principle by regulating voltage when induction motor operates with lightloading was analyzed and calculation method of stator voltage to obtain highest efficiency under different types of loads was particularly researched. The range of supply voltage while applying this energysaving technology was also discussed. As to the change of speed and of the ratio between output power and rated power when regulating the supply voltage of motors operating with constanttorque loads, experiments were conducted to get the relationship between motor efficiency and supply voltage, and then experimental results of the optimal voltage were obtained to comparative analysis with its theoretical value. Results show experimental values are nearly consistent with the calculated, verifying the correctness of the method to calculate optimal voltage described in the paper.
Key words: induction motor; energysaving; supply voltage variation